"Eastern Republic of Uruguay" is the official name used in many United Nations publications in English, e.g. [155] Over the 20072009 period, 362,000 pupils and 18,000 teachers were involved in the scheme; around 70% of the laptops were given to children who did not have computers at home. Uruguay is ranked first in Latin America in democracy, peace, low perception of corruption,[12] and e-government. The United States and Uruguay established diplomatic relations in 1867. Blending elements of art and nature the work of the landscape architect Leandro Silva Delgado[es] has also earned international prominence. [25] The book continues to influence young writers. [32] This led to the 500-day-long Cisplatine War. [41] During this authoritarian period, the government took steps toward the organization of the country as a modern state, encouraging its economic and social transformation. [25], The Reporters Without Borders worldwide press freedom index has ranked Uruguay as 19th of 180 reported countries in 2019. [145] Under the influence of the Colorado politician Jos Batlle y Ordez (19031911), complete separation of church and state was introduced with the new constitution of 1917. [89] Uruguay has two uncontested boundary disputes with Brazil, over Isla Brasilera and the 235km2 (91sqmi) Invernada River region near Masoller. Casapueblo is a "livable sculpture" and draws thousands of visitors from around the world. [53] The United States and Uruguay have also cooperated on military matters, with both countries playing significant roles in the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti. Je to druh nejmen jihoamerick stt; men je jen Surinam (jet men je sice Francouzsk Guyana, ale ta nen suvernnm sttem, nbr zmoskm zemm Francie). A wave of bands appeared in Montevideo, including Los Shakers, Los Mockers, Los Iracundos, Los Moonlights, and Los Malditos, who became major figures in the so-called Uruguayan Invasion of Argentina. [56][57] Abortion was legalized in 2012,[58] followed by same-sex marriage[59] and cannabis in the following year. [112], In 2013, 2.8million tourists entered Uruguay, of whom 59% came from Argentina and 14% from Brazil, with Chileans, Paraguayans, North Americans and Europeans accounting for most of the remainder.[112]. The people of this country are known to be warm, welcoming, and friendly. [135] The most popular destinations for Uruguayan emigrants are Argentina, followed by the United States, Australia, Canada, Spain, Italy and France. [131], Uruguayans are of predominantly European origin, with over 87.7% of the population claiming European descent in the 2011 census. [69] The heaviest precipitation occurs during the autumn months, although more frequent rainy spells occur in winter. [73] The departmental executive authority resides in a superintendent and the legislative authority in a departmental board. Though 90% of general assessment: Uruguay has an advanced telecom market, with excellent infrastructure and one of the highest broadband penetration rates in Latin America; fixed-line teledensity is also particularly high for the region, while mobile penetration is the second highest after Panama; in terms of computer penetration, Uruguay tops all other countries in the region by a considerable margin, and this has facilitated growth in fixed-line broadband Die Kste ist 660 km lang. At the other extreme, 38% of farmers exploit small lots and have herds averaging below one hundred head. One of the most consumed spreadables in Uruguay is Dulce de leche (a caramel confection from Latin America prepared by slowly heating sugar and milk). The formal coalition ended in November 2002, when the Blancos withdrew their ministers from the cabinet,[32] although the Blancos continued to support the Colorados on most issues. Nine straddle cranes allow for 80 to 100 movements per hour. A 2010 Latinobarmetro poll found that, within Latin America, Uruguayans are among the most supportive of democracy and by far the most satisfied with the way democracy works in their country. [91], In 2017, Uruguay signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. [24] Until 1947, about 90% of the railroad system was British-owned. Elder James W. McConkie III The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Maintain high level of inventory accuracy in high-volume automotive. [53], Uruguay ranks first in the world on a per capita basis for its contributions to the United Nations peacekeeping forces, with 2,513 soldiers and officers in 10 UN peacekeeping missions. "Kaufman, who spoke at the U.S. Congressional Hearings of 1976 on behalf of Amnesty International, estimated that one in every five Uruguayans went into exile, one in fifty were detained, and one in five hundred went to prison (most of them tortured)." The major internal river is the Ro Negro ('Black River'). The Mansa is more suited for sunbathing, snorkeling, & other low-key recreational opportunities, while the Brava is more suited for adventurous sports, such as surfing. An armed group, known as the Tupamaros emerged in the 1960s, engaging in activities such as bank robbery, kidnapping and assassination, in addition to attempting an overthrow of the government. [92], In March 2020, Uruguay rejoined the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (TIAR or "Rio Pact"). [28], In 1831 Fructuoso Rivera, Uruguay's first president, organized the final strike of the Charrua genocide, eradicating the last remnants of the Uruguayan native population.[29]. In March 2020, Uruguay got a conservative government, meaning the end of 15 years of left-wing leadership under the Broad Front coalition. Overland trade has increased markedly since Mercosur (Southern Common Market) was formed in the 1990s and again in the later 2000s. [33] The Brazilian Empire became independent of Portugal in 1822. WebUruguay is a representative democratic republic with a presidential system. [167] Uruguay has won the Copa Amrica (an international tournament for South American nations and guests) 15 times, such as Argentina, the last one in 2011. [25] Early classical music in Uruguay showed heavy Spanish and Italian influence, but since the 20th century a number of composers of classical music, including Eduardo Fabini, Vicente Ascone[es], and Hctor Tosar, have made use of Latin American musical idioms. In 1603, the Spanish began to introduce cattle, which became a source of wealth in the region. [162] Consequently, Montevideo's newspapers, which account for all of Uruguay's principal daily newspapers, greatly expanded their circulations. [130], In 2021, Uruguay had, in terms of installed renewable electricity, 1,538 MW in hydropower, 1,514 MW in wind power (35th largest in the world), 258 MW in solar power (66nd largest in the world), and 423 MW in biomass. [104], According to IMF estimates, Uruguay was likely to achieve growth in real GDP of between 8% and 8.5% in 2010, followed by 5% growth in 2011 and 4% in subsequent years. [36], In accordance with the 1851 treaties, Brazil intervened militarily in Uruguay as often as it deemed necessary. [41], After the Guerra Grande, there was a sharp rise in the number of immigrants, primarily from Italy and Spain. [111] However, 54% is in the hands of 11% of farmers, who have a minimum of 500 head. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years. Venezuela had a deal to sell Uruguay up to 40,000 barrels of oil a day under preferential terms. Progressive, stable, safe and culturally sophisticated, Uruguay offers visitors opportunities to experience everyday not made for tourists moments, whether The Montevideo Gas Company and the Pluma airline were turned over to the private sector, but the pace of privatization slowed down in 1996. Officials of both countries emphasized the need to end this rivalry in the name of regional integration in 2010. WebThe history of Uruguay comprises different periods: the pre-Columbian time or early history (up to the 16th century), the Colonial Period (15161811), the Period of Nation-Building (18111830), and the history of Uruguay as an independent country (1830). His inauguration coincided with the effects of the Great Depression,[44] and the social climate became tense as a result of the lack of jobs. WebLead Material Analyst. The Triple Alliance declared war on the Paraguayan leader Francisco Solano Lpez[37] and the resulting Paraguayan War ended with the invasion of Paraguay and its defeat by the armies of the three countries. Wedged like a grape between Brazils gargantuan thumb and Argentinas long forefinger, Uruguay has always been something of an underdog. [32] Uruguay then became a zone of contention between the Spanish and Portuguese empires. Pressure groups (consisting mainly of businessmen, hacendados, and industrialists) were organized and had a strong influence on government. [64] The country had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 3.61/10, ranking it 147th globally out of 172 countries. The Colorados favored the exiled Argentine liberal Unitarios, many of whom had taken refuge in Montevideo while the Blanco president Manuel Oribe was a close friend of the Argentine ruler Manuel de Rosas. Uruguay is divided into 19 departments whose local administrations replicate the division of the executive and legislative powers. [124] Namely, 17 destinations in Argentina[note 3]; 12 destinations in Brazil[note 5] and the capital cities of Chile and Paraguay. The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. [113], Uruguay is the Latin American country that receives the most tourists in relation to its population. [35] Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. To the southwest is the Ro de la Plata, the estuary of the Uruguay River (which river forms the country's western border). [155], Uruguayan culture is strongly European and its influences from southern Europe are particularly important. [36] It appeared that Montevideo would finally fall when an uprising against Rosas, led by Justo Jos de Urquiza, governor of Argentina's Entre Ros Province, began. [73], Uruguay adopted its current constitution in 1967. 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